Oil burner



Sept. 3, 19293. l' J. BENNIGER 1,725,640

OIL BURNER Filed June 7. 1927 2 sheets-shew; l

-a 76 70', fo a? 4 Sept. 3, 1929.

J. BENNIGER OIL BURNER 4 Filed June 7. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 3, 1929.

UNITED STATES JOHN BENNIGER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

l on. BURNER.

Application led June 7,

My invention relates to an oil burner, that is to say, to a device adapted for the burning of fuel oil to utilize the heat of combustion thereof in boilers and heaters of various As is well known, fuel oil is of such nature that it is difficult to burn the same so that the combustion will be complete. In the use of various types of oil burners, a great. deal of smoke frequently results and quantities of soot are deposited, due to the incomplete combustion of the oil, with the consequent loss of eiliciency.

The object of my p esent invention 1s t o provide an oil burner in which the fuel 011 will be so manipulated that all parts thereof will be fully exposed to the air, whereby the combustion will be complete and greater eficiency will result.

The nature and characteristic features of my present invention will be more readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the=acco1npany1ng drawings foaming part hereof, in which:

Fig.1`"i' `fsa'vertical central sectional view of an oil burner embodying the main features ot my present invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a burner head, certain parts being broken away and other parts being shown in section to illustrate the 1nternal arrangement;

Fig. 3 is an underneath plan thereof, certain parts being shownin section;

Fig. 4 vis an enlarged -detail view of a por-k tion of the burner head; and Fig. 5 is a fragmentary perspectiveyiew illustrating the -(3o-relation of'certain rings employed for dividing and subdividing the fuel oil. y Referring to the drawings, in the articular embodiment of my invention t erein shown 10 is a housing, preferably frustoconical in shape. At the upper inner portion of the housin 10 there is provided a ringy 11, supported y brackets 12. The housing 10, ring member 11 and brackets 12 are preferably made integral with each other 1 n a single casting. 1 Y The ring member 11 supports an annular cup member 13. A pipe nipple 14 is mounted'in-the lower portion of the annular cup member 13, beinadapted to be connected by suitable piping not shown) with the source of fuel oil supply. There is also provided a pipe connection nipple 15, mounted in the 1927. Serial No. 197,024.

lower portion of the annular cup member 13, and having an extension 16 projecting into the interior of the annular cu member 13. The extension 16 of the nipple'l is provided with an aperture 17, which is so located as to drain off any excess of oil within the annular cup member 13, while at the same time permitting a proper amount to remain therein, for a purpose which will hereinafter be more fully set forth. The pipe nipple 15 is also preferably connected by means of piping (not shown) to the oil reservoir, whereby the excess oil may be returnedto the source of supply.

The annular cup member 13 also serves as a bearing in which a sleeve 18 is `ournaled. The sleeve 18 is mounted on the en of a vertical shaft 19, which in the operation of the device is rotated at a high speed, preferably by means of an electric motor (not shown). The upper end o f the sleeve 18 is preferably reduced in diameter, and upon this reduced portion there is mounted a rotatable burnery head. The burner head is provided ith an upper housingplate 20 and a lowei` housing plate 21, each having a peripheral; rim 22 and 23 respectively. The rims 22 and 23 `entend toward each other, being separatedV a slight distance t rovide an annular outlet through1 which the. uel .oil is ro'ected in such manner as will be hereina ter more fully set forth'.l h

Enclosed within the plates 20 and 21 is an upper auxiliary oil distributing plate 24, and a lower auxiliar oil distributing plate 25. The upper oildistributing plate 24 is provided with a downwardly extending peripheral rim, '26, and the lower oil distrlbuting plate 25 is provided with an upwardl extendin' peripheral rim 27. The centra por. 95

tion' o the plate 24'isformed into a sleeve portion 28, which ismounted on the sleeve 18, whereby the burner head' is` secured to the `upper end of the vertical shaft 19 and is rotated therewith.

The inner face of the burner head housing plate 20 is provided with a plurality of vanes 29, which serve to position the upper oil distributing plate 24 with respect to said housing plate 20, and also serve to impel air through the space thereby provided. Likewise, the-lower burnerhead housing plate 21 is provided with vanes 30, which serve to positionthe lower o il distributing plate 25 with respect to said housing plate 21, aswell as to impel the air through the space thereby provided. To permit the air to circulate through the burner head, the lower housing1 plate 21 lof the burner head is provi ed with openings 31, the lower oil distributing plate 25 is made annular, and the upper oil distributing plate 24 is provided with openings 32.

The under face of the upper oil distributing plate 24 is provided with an annular pro-v jection 33, the lower portion of which extends substantially to the medial plane of the burner head, and is provided with an annular recess which serves to position an oil dividing ring 34. The lower portion ofthe oil dividing ring 34 rests -upon an annular projection 35 extending upwardly from the upper face of the lowe`r oil distributing plate 25. The oil dividing ring 34 has its inner portion notched or serrated, as at 36, thereby to provide a plurality of channels extending alternately to the top and bottom of the ring 34, it being noted that the medial line of the serrated inner portion of the ring 34 lies approximately in the plane of the lower edge of the annular projection 35.

At the top and bottom of the serrated portion of the oil dividing ring 34, there are provided annular recesses in which. are mounted oil subdividing rings 37 and 38, respectively, the same being heldin place in said recesses by means .of annular projections 39 and 40, carried respectively by the upper oil distributing plate 24 and the lower oil distributing plate 25. The oilsubdividing rings 37 and 38 also have their inner portions notched or serrated as at 41 and 42, similarly to the oil dividing rin 34, and it should be noted that the top sur ace of the oil dividing ring 34 lies in the plane of the medial line of the serrated inner portion of the subdividing ring 37, and likewise the lower surface of the oil dividing ring 34 lies in the plane of the medial line of the serrated inner portion the oil subdividin ring 38. The outer portion of the subdivi ing ring 37 is provided with a the outer portion of the subdividing ring 38 is provided with an upwardly extending rim 44, the rims 43 and 44 extending in proximity to each other, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings.

The various parts of the burner head are held together by means of bolts 75 passing therethrough, 'and the burner head proper 1s held in place on the reduced portion of the sleeve 18 by means of a bolt 76 and a wash- The tubes 46'are inclined at an angle to the axis of the shaft 19, and the lower ends of these tubes are cut ,at an angle and extend into the cup member 13, being adapted to scoop up a portion of the oil contained therein and carry the same upward when the burner head is rotated, due to the centrifugal action. The upper ends of the tubes 46 terminate below the lower surface of the plate member 24, but above the plane of the rim of the'annular projection 33 thereof, so that as the oil is thrown outward from the top of the tubes 46, the same will be delivered to the annular'vprojection 33.

A bushing 50 is mounted in the lower end of the cup member 13, being provided with a sleeve 51 which extends upwardly between the shaft 19 and the sleeve 18 which is mounted thereon. The upper end of the sleeve 51 extends above the normal level of the oil in the cup member 13, and consequently serves to prevent leakage of the oil, which might otherwise run down the shaft 19.

rality of blades 52 carried by a ring member 53, which is secured to a sleeve 54, a collar 55 being threaded in the sleeve 54 and serving to compress suitable packing 56, thereby to clamp the fan structure tothe shaft 19.

The upper end of the main housing 10 supports an annular air delecting member 60, which serves to deflect the air passing from the interior of the housing to the openings 31 in the bottom ofthe plate 21, and the housing 10 may also be provided with brackets 6l, which serve to support an annular member 62 which serves to provide, in conjunction with the annular member 60, an annular passageway extending from the outside of the housing 10 to a point below the lower housing plate 21 of the burner head, which may be provided on its lower face with vanes or fan blades 63. An annular plate 64 may be supported by means ofpins 65 extending upwardly from the annular member 62, whereby the air which is impelled outward by the vanes 63 may be delivered into the burner chamber. downwardly extending rim 43, and llkewise The o eration of the device may now be describe The vertical shaft 19 is rotated at a high speed by means of an electric motor (not shown), and consequently the burner head which is attached thereto is also rotated at a high speed. Oil is fed'to the cup member 13 by means of the pipe nipple 14.v A constant level of the oil is maintained in the cup member 13, any excess being drained off through the aperture 17 in the extension 16 of the nipple 15. The lower ends of the pipes 46 extending into the oil contained within t-he cup member 13, a quantit of the oil will be scooped up by the lower en s of the said tubes and will be impelled upward due to the outward inclination of said tubes.

As the oil reaches the tops of the tubes 46, the same willbe thrown olf and will impinge against t-he Aannular projection 33, being impelled outward from the lower end thereof by centrifugal action, and impinging against the serrated inner portion of the oil dividing ring 34. As the oil impinges against the serrated portion of the rin 34, the same will be divided, one-half passmg to the upper surface of said ring and the other half passing to the lower surface of said ring, whence the same will be impelled outward.

The portion of the oil which passes over the upper surface of the ring 34 will impinge against the serrated portion of the subdividing ring 37, and the portion of the oil which passes over the lower surface of the ring 34 will impinge against the serrated portion of the subdividing ring 38. By reason of one-half of the seri-ations extending to the upper surface of the ring 37, one-half of the oil will pass to the upper surface thereof, and by reason of the other half of the serrations extendingto the lower surface of said ring, the other half of the oil, which comes from the upper surface of the ring 34, will pass to the lower surface of the subdividing ring 37.

' The portion of the oil which passes to the upper surface of the subdividing ring 37 'will be thrown outward and will impinge against the inner surface of the rim 26 of the distributing plate 24, and will be thrown outward therefrom through the annular opening provided by the rims 22 and 23 of the burner head housing plates 20 and 21 respectively. In like manner, the portion of the oil which passes to the lower portion of the subdividing ring 38 will be thrown outward and will impinge against the inner surface of the rim 2'( of the distributing plate 25, and will be thrown outward therefrom through the annular opening provided between the rims 22 and 23 of the burner head housing plates 20 and 21 respectively. 1

The oil which passes to the lower surface ,of the subdividing ring 37 will pass downward and be thrown off from the periphery of the rim 43 of the subdividing ring 37, and in like manner the oil which passes to the upper surface of the subdividing ring 38 will be thrown outward from the periphery of the rim 44 of the subdividin-g ring 38. In this manner, the oil will be divided into four thin sheets.

Most of the air which is forced upward through the main housing 10 by means of the fan 52 will iind its Way through the various passageways of the burner head, so that a plentiful supply of air will be provided for the surfaces of the sheets of oil, and the air passing through the various passageways of the burner head will also serve to maintain the burner head in a cool and eiiicient condition.

The additional air required to complete the combustion will pass upward in the air space between the members 60 and 62, and will be impelled outward from below the plate 64 by means of the fan blades 63 mounted on the lower surface of the lower housing plate 21 of the burner head.

By the foregoing arrangement, there will be provided a simple and efficient oil burner in which the fuel oil will be subdivided and thrown outward in a plurality of thin sheets, to all parts of which the air necessary to complete the combustion will be readily accessible, whereby the oil will be burned in an efficient and satisfactory manner.

Having thus described the nat-ure and characteristic features of my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an oil burner, a rotatable burner head havin an oil dividing ring the inner portion of which is serrated to provide a plurality of channels extending alternately to the top and bottom of said ring, a pair of subdividing rings concentrically arranged with respect to the oil dividing ring each having. a serrated inner portion to provide channels in each of said subdividing rings extending alternately to the top and bottom of the same, the upper and lower surfaces of the oil dividing ring being arranged in 'the respective medial planes of the serrated portions of the subdividing rings, each of said subdividing rings being provided with a peripheral rim, said peripherial rims extending toward each other but separated a slight distance, each of said peripheral rims being adapted to throw ofi centrifugally the separated portion of the oil passing thereto, and means for delivering oil to the serrated portion of the oil dividing ring.

alternately to the top and bottom of the same,

the upper and lower surfaces of the oil dividing ring being arranged in the respective medial Jlanes of the serrated portions of the subdividing rings, each of said subdividing rings being provided with a peripheral rim, said peripheral rims extending toward each other but separated a slight distance, each of y said peripheral rims being adapted to throw oil' centrifugally the separated portion of the `oil passing thereto, a member having an annular projection having its rim arranged in the medial plane ofthe serrated portion ofthe oil dividing ring, and means for delivering oil to said annular projection.

3. In an oil burner, a rotatable burner head having an oil dividing ring the inner portion of which is serrated to provide a plurality of channels extending alternately to the top and bottom of said ring, a pair of subdividing rings concentrically arranged with respect to the oil dividing ring each having a serrated inner portion to provide channels in each of said subdividing rings extending alternately to the top and bottom of the same, the upper and lower surfaces of the oil dividing ring being arranged in the respective medial planes of the serrated portions of the subdividing rings, each of said subdividing rings being provided with a peripheral rim, said peripheral rims extending toward each other but separated a slight distance, each of said peripherial'rims being adapted to throw off centrifugally the separated portion of the oil passing thereto, a pair of auxiliary oil distributing plates each having a peripheral rim, said peripheral rims extending toward each other but separated a slight distance, and each adapted to receive a portion of the oil from one of the subdividing rings and to throw the same olf centrifugally, and-means forV delivering oil to the serrated portion of the oil dividing ring.

4. In an oil burner, a rotatable burner head comprising upper and lower housing plates having peripheral rims extending toward each other but separated a slight distance to provide an annular outlet, an oil dividing ring having its inner portion serrated to provide a plurality of channels extending alternatelyto the top and bottom of said ring, a

`pair of subdividing rings concentrically arranged with respect to the oil dividing ring each having a serrated inner portion to provide channels in each of said subdividing rings extending alternately to the top and bottom of the same, the upper and lower surfaces of the oil dividing ring being arranged in the respective medial planes of the serrated portions of the subdividing rings, each of said subdividing rings being provided with a peripheral rim, said peripheral rims ex tending toward each other but separated a slight distance, each of said peripheral rims being adapted to throw off centrifugally the separated portion ofthe oil passing thereto, a pair of auxiliary oil distributing plates each havin a peripheral rim, said peripheral rims exten ing toward each other but separated a slight distance, and 'each adapted to receive a portion of the oil from one of the subdividing rin s and to throw the same off centrifugally, an portion of the oil dividing ring.

5. In an oil burner, a rotatable burner head comprising upper and lower housing plates having peripheral rims extending toward each other but separated a slight distance to provide an annular outlet, an oil dividing ring having its inner portion serrated to provide a plurality of channels extending alternately to the top and bottom of said ring, a pair of subdividing rings concentrically arranged with respect to the oil dividing ring each having a serrated inner portion to provide chanels inl each of said subdividing rings extending alternately to the top and bottom of the same, the upper and lower surfaces of the oil dividing ring being arranged in the respective medial planes of the serrated portions of the subdividing rings, each ofsaidsubdividing rings being provided with a peripheral rim, said peripheral rims extending toward each other but separated a slight distance, each of said peripheral rims being adapted to throw off centrifugally the separated portion of the oil passing thereto, a pair of auxiliary oil distributing plates each having a peripheral rim, said peripheral rims extending toward each other but separated a slight distance, and each adapted to receive a portion of the oil from one of the subdividing rings and to throw the same of centrifugally, one of the oil distributing plates being provided with an annular projection having its rim arranged in the medial plane of the serrated portion of the oil dividing ring, and means for delivering oil to said annular projection.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

JOHN BENNIGER.

means for delivering oil to the serrated 

